Bilingual Publishing Group

Evaluation of the Relationship between Bacteria Concentration and the Strength and Durability of Self-compacting Concrete Incorporating Sporosarcina pasteurii DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jbms.v5i1.5596 Received: 27 March 2023 | Revised: 18 April 2023 | Accepted: 27 April 2023 | Published Online: 4 May 2023 Abstract This research was carried out to evaluate the relationship between the incorporation of calcite precipitation bacteria,  sporosarcina pasteurii  using calcium lactate as nutrient source and the properties of calcined clay and limestone powder blended self-compacting concrete. Ten mixes were designed and designated S0 to S9 with S0 the control (without bacteria and nutrient) and S1 to S9 at varying bacteria and calcium lactate concentrations and the effect of the bacteria cell density and calcium lactate concentration on the compressive strength, sorptivity and tensile strength with age evaluated using experimental program and statistical packages (ANOVA and post hoc tests

A Theory on Increasing the Heat Transfer Performance of Building Wall DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jbms.v5i1.5595 Received: 24 March 2023 | Revised: 11 April 2023 | Accepted: 24 April 2023 | Published Online: 16 May 2023 Abstract The target of traditional thermal conductivity of wall research is the spatial distribution form. In these studies, the change of thermal conductivity with temperature is neglected. Meanwhile, case studies are always used. This method needs large computation and it is hard to obtain the optimal result. In order to overcome the problems, a new approach has been put forward in this paper. Different from the traditional approach, the new approach solves an inverse problem under the concept of passive ideal energy-saving buildings to obtain the optimal distribution of heat ability with temperature on an external wall. The result for a typical summer day shows the heat ability distribution of a wall in summer is a staircase. It is similar to the heat pipe. It is

Challenges and Trends for Multifunctional Materials DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jbms.v5i1.5521 Received: 9 March 2023 | Accepted: 14 March 2023 | Published Online: 21 March 2023 Abstract Materials science is the study of materials, their properties and their applications. As the rapid development of material science, materials tend to approach multifunctionality. Multifunctional materials are designed to perform multiple responsibilities through prudent combinations of different functional capabilities. Typically, each function contributes a distinct physical or chemical process that can deliver system-level improvements beyond the status quo. Even though some researchers have defined "smart material" as multifunctional materials (MFM), multifunctional composites (MFC), multifunctional structures (MFS), and multifunctional material systems (MFMS), the term "multifunctional materials" will be used to refer to all of these materials, composites, and structures in t

Cost Comparison of Different Types of Formworks DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jbms.v5i1.5515 Received: 6 March 2023 | Revised: 30 March 2023 | Accepted: 10 April 2023 | Published Online: 15 April 2023 Abstract Formwork is the temporary moulds in the construction which are fabricated based on drawing and design of the structure and into which the concrete is poured to form the required structure. Formwork is an essential part of the construction as it has been in used by the Romans. The formworks must be strong enough to withstand all types of the loads. The joint must be in proper conditions to avoid any kind of leakages. The materials used for the formworks should be economical, easily available and durable. The formworks can be made up of different materials such as plywood, steel, aluminum, composite material etc. In Steel formwork the plates used for the slab support are made up of galvanized steels and these are fabricated as per the requirements. Aluminum plates are used in the

Experimental Study and Fragility Analysis of Effective-Length Factors in Column Buckling DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jbms.v5i1.5432 Received: 30 January 2023 | Revised: 5 March 2023 | Accepted: 13 March 2023 | Published Online: 20 March 2023 Abstract The design of columns relies heavily on the basis of Leonhard Euler's Theory of Elastic Buckling. However, to increase the accuracy in determining the maximum critical load a column can withstand before buckling, a constant was introduced. This dimensionless coefficient is K, also known as the effective-length factor. This constant is often found in building design codes and varies in value depending on the type of column support that is applied. This paper presents experimental and analytical studies on the determination of the effective-length factor in the buckling stability of columns with partially-fixed support conditions. To this end, the accurate K value of the columns tested by the Instron Testing Machine (ITM) at Californi

Novel Proposal of Bio-based Sewing Timber Joint: Learning from Diatoms DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jbms.v5i1.5299 Received: 2 December 2022 | Revised: 12 January 2023 | Accepted: 8 February 2023 | Published Online: 20 February 2023 Abstract The twenty-first century is one of the most complex in the history of humanity, mainly due to the ecological crisisit is going through. The construction sector generates about 40% of CO2 emissions into the environment; the foregoingshould motivate this sector to seek new alternatives to develop new building practices. Taking these current needs intoaccount, this document classifies and presents a multidisciplinary solution that integrates biology, engineering andarchitecture to develop a new and innovative lightweight timber structure; it divides with a main structure made oftimber and an innovative joint system made of bio-polymers connecting all the panels. Through the study of diatoms,it was able to analyze the bio-morphology of the structure,

Some Results of Direct FR Technology Applied to Study Methane Seepage Areas in the Arctic Region DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/agger.v5i3.5792 Received: 19 June 2023 | Revised: 6 July 2023 | Accepted: 10 July 2023 | Published Online: 19 July 2023 Abstract The experimental study of the seepage processes' sources formation in structures of the Arctic Region was carried out using modified methods of frequency-resonance (FR) processing and decoding of satellite images and photographs with the vertical scanning of the cross-sections. The newly obtained results show that the intensity and dynamics of the methane seeps and pockmarks fields’ formation depend on active deep degassing processes in the continental margin structures. The use of direct FR-sounding technologies allows for determining the probable origin and depth of geological sources of gas migration at marginal migration centers in Greenland, and Norwegian and Barents Seas. New results confirm the crust-mantle gas fluids’ inf

On the Possible Cometary Nature of the Uchur Cosmic Body (Fall 3.08. 1993) DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/agger.v5i3.5705 Received: 25 April 2023 | Revised: 19 June 2023 | Accepted: 30 June 2023 | Published Online: 13 July 2023 Abstract An expeditionary study of the area of the alleged impact event that occurred on 3.08.1993 in the area of the Lower Konkuli River (southeast of the Aldan Highlands, Lurikan Range, Russia) was carried out. According to the materials of remote sensing, the places of collision with the earth of a cosmic body are determined. In the area of the impact of the shock wave on the Earth’s surface, peat samples were selected, the micro probe analysis of which showed the presence of a cosmogenic substance in concentrations 6-8 times higher than the background. Silicate and magnetite micro spheres, native iron, moissanite, and carbon micro tubes coated with a film consisting of pure nickel were found. Of particular interest were the findings of specific Ni film micro

Contribution of GIS to Hydromorphometric Characterization of the Nkoup Watershed (Nun Plain-Cameroon) DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/agger.v5i3.5534 Received: 13 March 2023 | Revised: 28 April 2023 | Accepted: 5 May 2023 | Published Online: 8 June 2023 Abstract The Nkoup watershed (10°35’-10°47’E and 5°27’-5°42’N) is a volcanic zone situated in Nun Plain West Cameroon. The high fertility of the soils makes it a strategic agropastoral area where water resources are heavily exploited and used for several purposes. Due to human activities, soils and water resources are deteriorating, giving birth to water pollution and hydromorphological hazards. This work aims to determine the hydromorphometric parameters of the Nkoup watershed so that the data obtained help in the sustainable management of water resources and conservation of soil. To achieve this aim, various data were collected from DEM dataset derived from SRTM and processed in specialized software (QGIS and ArGIS). The simplified hyd

Enhancing Human-Machine Interaction: Real-Time Emotion Recognition through Speech Analysis DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jcsr.v5i3.5768 Received: 7 June 2023 | Revised: 7 July 2023 | Accepted: 10 July 2023 | Published Online: 21 July 2023 Abstract Humans, as intricate beings driven by a multitude of emotions, possess a remarkable ability to decipher and respond to socio-affective cues. However, many individuals and machines struggle to interpret such nuanced signals, including variations in tone of voice. This paper explores the potential of intelligent technologies to bridge this gap and improve the quality of conversations. In particular, the authors propose a real-time processing method that captures and evaluates emotions in speech, utilizing a terminal device like the Raspberry Pi computer. Furthermore, the authors provide an overview of the current research landscape surrounding speech emotional recognition and delve into our methodology, which involves analyzing audio files fro

Development of New Machine Learning Based Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea from ECG Data DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jcsr.v5i3.5762 Received: 6 June 2023 | Revised: 4 July 2023 | Accepted: 5 July 2023 | Published Online: 14 July 2023 Abstract In this study, a machine learning algorithm is proposed to be used in the detection of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) from the analysis of single-channel ECG recordings. Eighteen ECG recordings from the PhysioNet Apnea-ECG dataset were used in the study. In the feature extraction stage, dynamic time warping and median frequency features were obtained from the coefficients obtained from different frequency bands of the ECG data by using the wavelet transform-based algorithm. In the classification phase, OSA patients and normal ECG recordings were classified using Random Forest (RF) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) classifier algorithms. The performance of the classifiers was evaluated as 90% training and 10% testing. Accord

Innovating Pedagogical Practices through Professional Development in Computer Science Education DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jcsr.v5i3.5757 Received: 30 May 2023 | Revised: 9 July 2023 | Accepted: 13 July 2023 | Published Online: 20 July 2023 Abstract Recent advancements in technology have opened up new avenues for educators to facilitate teaching and leverage more learning access in the digital age. As the demand for computational skills continues to grow in preparation for future careers, both teachers and students face the challenge of developing problem-solving, critical thinking, communication, and collaboration skills within an emerging digital landscape. Technology adoption, big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence pose ongoing challenges for both teachers and students in adapting to the changing workforce development landscape. To tackle these challenges, the paper highlights the importance of exploring the implications of learning sciences in classroom teaching,

Similarity Intelligence: Similarity Based Reasoning, Computing, and Analytics DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jcsr.v5i3.5575 Received: 19 March 2023 | Revised: 20 May 2023 | Accepted: 26 May 2023 | Published Online: 9 June 2023 Abstract Similarity has been playing an important role in computer science, artificial intelligence (AI) and data science. However, similarity intelligence has been ignored in these disciplines. Similarity intelligence is a process of discovering intelligence through similarity. This article will explore similarity intelligence, similarity-based reasoning, similarity computing and analytics. More specifically, this article looks at the similarity as an intelligence and its impact on a few areas in the real world. It explores similarity intelligence accompanying experience-based intelligence, knowledge-based intelligence, and data-based intelligence to play an important role in computer science, AI, and data science. This article explores similarity-based reasonin

Crucial, But Not Systematically Investigated: Rock Glaciers, the Concealed Water Reservoirs of the Himalayas: An Opinion DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i2.5541 Abstract The current article is an opinion on the sensitivity of high mountain regions which are the most fragile, sensitive and vulnerable to ongoing climate change. Its impacts are especially severe on the high mountain communities owing to their weak socio-economic profile, limited livelihood resources and agricultural land. The melting of glaciers and changes in the snow cover under the climate change scenario is leading to the scarcity of freshwater supplies, affecting both local and downstream communities. Changes in the precipitation patterns have been suggested to cause droughts, impact restricted agriculture, and limit the availability of water for domestic use. Additionally, the high mountain areas contain distinct flora and fauna, and climate change is not just altering them, but also has resulted in biodiversi

Rainfall and Temperature Variations in a Dry Tropical Environment of Nigeria DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i2.5527 Abstract This study examines long-term rainfall and temperature variations over a dry tropical environment in Nigeria. An assessment of the variations of these weather variables showcases the extent of climate change limits and corresponding effects on the biotic environment. Rainfall and temperature data were obtained from Nigerian Meteorological Agency for a period of 31 years (1991-2020) for Kano and Katsina States. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the degree of variability of the weather variables across spatial domains. Results showed that there is a sharp contrast in mean annual rainfall amounts of 1154.1 mm and 569.6 mm for Kano and Katsina located in the dry continental and semi-arid climate zones of Nigeria respectively. It is revealed that the month of August had the highest mean monthly rainfall for both areas i.e. 359 mm and 194 mm with lit

The Possibilities of Using the Minimax Method to Diagnose the State of the Atmosphere DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i2.5519 Abstract The article is devoted to the discussion of the possibilities of approbation of one of the probabilistic methods of verification of evaluation works - the minimax method or the method of establishing the minimum risk of making erroneous diagnoses of the instability of the planetary boundary layer of air. Within the framework of this study, the task of probabilistic forecasting of diagnostic parameters and their combinations, leading in their totality to the formation of an unstable state of the planetary boundary layer of the atmosphere, was carried out. It is this state that, as shown by previous studies, a priori contribution to the development of a number of weather phenomena dangerous for society (squalls, hail, heavy rains, etc.). The results of applying the minimax method made it possible to identify a number of parameters, such as the inten

Co-designed Practical Use of Probabilistic Climate Advisories among Smallholder Farmers: A Balance between Confidence and Caution DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i2.5511 Abstract Especially for smallholder farmers with limited land and financial resources, farming in arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs), where season-to-season rainfall fluctuation dictates production, is a risky business. Through participatory approaches, this study compares deterministic and probabilistic interpretations of climate forecasts and their use by smallholder farmers through a crop-growing season. The study revealed that deterministic advisories are good for smallholder farmers only when formulated from forecasts with higher accuracy than the historical climatological distribution. Otherwise, they cause farm loss in terms of labor and inputs. On the other hand, probabilistic advisories help farmers spread the risk to cater to all the uncertainty and in so doing bring out a balance between confidence and c

Wavelet Analysis of Average Monthly Temperature New Delhi 1931- 2021 and Forecast until 2110 DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i2.5447 Abstract The identification method in the CurveExpert-1.40 software environment revealed asymmetric wavelets of changes in the average monthly temperature of New Delhi from 1931 to 2021. The maximum increment for 80 years of the average monthly temperature of 5.1°C was in March 2010. An analysis of the wave patterns of the dynamics of the average monthly temperature up to 2110 was carried out. For forecasting, formulas were adopted containing four components, among which the second component is the critical heat wave of India. The first component is the Mandelbrot law (in physics). It shows the natural trend of decreasing temperature. The second component increases according to the critical law. The third component with a correlation coefficient of 0.9522 has an annual fluctuation cycle. The fourth component with a semi-annual cycle shows the influe

Formation and Transport of a Saharan Dust Plume in Early Summer DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i2.5407 Abstract This research studies the capability of the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with the Chemistry/Aerosol module (WRF-Chem) with and without parametrization to reproduce a dust storm, which was held on 27th June 2018 over Sahara region. The authors use satellite observations and ground-based measurements to evaluate the WRF-Chem simulations. The sensitivities of WRF-Chem Model are tested on the replication of haboob features with a tuned GOCART aerosol module. Comparisons of simulations with satellite and ground-based observations show that WRF-Chem is able to reproduce the Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) distribution and associated changes of haboob in the meteorological fields with temperature drops of about 9 °C and wind gust 20 m·s–1. The WRF-Chem Convection-permitting model (CPM) shows strong 10-meter winds induced a large dust emission along the leading e

Investigating the Effects of Madden-Julian Oscillation on Climate Elements of Iran (1980-2020) DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i2.5351 Abstract The Madden-Julian Oscillation is one of the large-scale climate change patterns in the maritime tropics, with sub-seasonal time periods of 30 to 60 days affecting tropical and subtropical regions. This phenomenon can cause changes in various quantities of the atmosphere and ocean, such as pressure, sea surface temperature, and the rate of evaporation from the ocean surface in tropical regions. In this research, the effects of Madden-Julian fluctuation on the weather elements of Iran have been investigated with the aim of knowing the effects of different phases in order to improve the quality of forecasts and benefits in territorial planning. At first, the daily rainfall data of 1980-2020 were received from the National Meteorological Organization and quality controlled. Using the Wheeler and Hendon method, the two main components RMM1 and

Strengthening People-oriented Geographical Research in the New Era DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v6i2.5775 Received: 4 June 2023 | Accepted: 9 June 2023 | Published Online: 12 June 2023 References [1] Getis, A., Getis, J., Fellmann, J.D., 2017. Introduction to geography, 15 edition. McGraw-Hill College: New York. [2] Paniagua, A., 2023. Laboratory life: Twenty years of experimental research with locals and new comers in remote rural areas. Journal of Geographical Research. 6(2), 1-14. DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v6i2.5587 [3] Ohwo, O., Ejemeyovwi, D.O., 2023. Perception of the residential environmental quality of Yenagoa Metropolis, Nigeria. Journal of Geographical Research. 6(2), 48-65. DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v6i2.5658 [4] Li, J., Li, J., Zhang, P., 2023. Spatio-temporal heterogeneity in the performance of rural revitalization in Chifeng City of China: Based on a range-wide EBM-GML model. Journal of Geographical Research. 6(2), 15-33. DOI:  https://doi.org/10

Changes in Mediterranean Coastline According to the Coastal Type and Land Cover under Climate Change: The Case of South-east Spain DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v6i2.5665 Received: 19 April 2023 | Revised: 10 May 2023 | Accepted: 18 May 2023 | Published Online: 25 May 2023 Abstract Coastline changes were analyzed considering the land cover types and the analysis of the causes that have determined these changes during the past decades. Through the overlapping of aerial photographs and GIS analysis, the results showed that the land surface increased with respect to the previous stage, gaining terrain to the sea, but this increment was caused by anthropogenic processes. In fact, without human pressure, the land surface beside the coastal line would have decreased, especially on the sandy beaches and coastal dunes. Therefore, the beaches are one of the most vulnerable ecosystems and geomorphological systems due to erosion and lack of sediment supply associated with the modified river