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A Comprehensive Review of Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment in Delta State, Southern Part of Nigeria Moses Oghenenyoreme Eyankware  Department of Geology, Ebonyi State University Abakaliki P.M.B.053 Ebonyi State, Nigeria;Geomoses Consultancy Limited Warri, Delta, Nigeria Bassey Edem Ephraim Department of Geology, University of Calabar, P.M.B.1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v3i1.2900 Abstract This research presents a review on water resources in Delta state, southern part of Nigeria, with emphasis on hydrogeochemical and microbial assessment. It evaluates factors responsible for water contamination, and their resulting health challenges within the study area. To achieve the objective of this study, related articles were downloaded from Google, published article on influence of hydrogeochemical and microbial activities on water resources. These articles were thoroughly studied. Findings from this ...

Application of Vegetation Indices for Detection and Monitoring Oil Spills in Ahoada West Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v6i3.5817 Received: 28 June 2023 | Revised: 27 July 2023 | Accepted: 1 August 2023 | Published Online: 7 August 2023 Abstract The study evaluated the environmental effects of an oil spill in Joinkrama 4 and Akimima Ahoada West LGA, Rivers State, Nigeria, using various vegetation indices. Location data for the spill were obtained from the Nigeria Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency, and Landsat imagery was acquired from the United States Geological Survey. Three soil samples were collected from the affected area, and their analysis included measuring total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), total hydrocarbons (THC), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). The obtained data were processed with ArcGIS software, utilizing different vegetation indices such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Atmosp...

Planetary Layer Lapse Rate Comparison of Tropical,Montane and Hot Semi-Arid Climates of Nigeria DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v3i2.2005 Abstract This study assessed the pattern of planetary layer lapse rate across the major climate belts of Nigeria. Six years’ data (2010-2015) for air temperature values between 1000 mbar and 850 mbar atmospheric pressure levels were acquired from Era-Interim Re-analysis data centre. The data was retrieved at 6-hourly synoptic hours: 0000H, 0600H, 1200H and 1800H at 0.125o grid resolution. Results showed that the lower tropospheric layers throughout the various climate belts has a positive lapse rate. Findings also revealed that the average annual lapse rate condition were: Tropical wet zone (Port Harcourt) -5.6 oC/km; Bi-modal Tropical continental zone (Enugu) 5.8 oC/km; Montane zone (Jos) -6.5 oC/km; Mono-modal Tropical continental zone (Kano) -6.6 oC/km; and Hot semi-arid zone (Maiduguri) -6.6 oC/km. This average values presents the lapse r...

A Comprehensive Review of Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment in Delta State, Southern Part of Nigeria DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v3i1.2900 Abstract This research presents a review on water resources in Delta state, southern part of Nigeria, with emphasis on hydrogeochemical and microbial assessment. It evaluates factors responsible for water contamination, and their resulting health challenges within the study area. To achieve the objective of this study, related articles were downloaded from Google, published article on influence of hydrogeochemical and microbial activities on water resources. These articles were thoroughly studied. Findings from this study, suggested that groundwater was more studied than surface water. We also observed that groundwater within the riverine communities is much more prone to pollution when compared to groundwater in an upland area. Results from various authors suggested that, larger percentage of groundwater showed presence of colifor...

Rice and Climate Change: It’s Significance towards Achieving Food Security in Nigeria: A Review DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v4i1.2532 Abstract Climate change is already impacting on every aspect of man life on earth especially in the agricultural sectors of developing nations. In Nigeria, and indeed the world over, seasons are shifting, temperatures are rising, landscapes are changing and sea levels are rising. Extreme weather events like drought and flood are becoming more frequent and pronounced.[3] stressed on the fact that Agriculture will suffer from major damage caused by changes in climate especially in the African continent. Nigeria is one of the African country that is highly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change, as Nigeria is still practicing rain fed agriculture [16]. The impact of climate change is experienced in form of extreme climatic events like flooding, severe heats, and...

A Comparative Study of Groundwater between Geological Groups of Southern Benue Trough, Nigeria Using Modelling Approach DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v3i2.3694 Abstract Groundwater studies were carried out between two geological groups to evaluate factors that influences groundwater geochemistry. To achieve this, 30 groundwater samples were collected. Parameters such as pH, Electrical Conductivity (Ec), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Hardness (TH), and hydrochemical characteristics (Na 2+ , K +  , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , HCO 3 ¯, NO 3 ¯, Cl¯, CO 2 3 ¯, and SO 4 2 ¯) of groundwater were determined. Findings revealed that the pH value for Asu River Group ranges from 5.3 to 7.5, and that of Eze Aku Group ranges from 4.1 to 7.9. It was observed that areas around the mines had low pH values. Analyzed results that were obtained were interpreted using various hydrogeochemical models. Parson plots reflected that groundwater within the two geological groups fell within Ca˗Mg˗SO 4 ...

A Comprehensive Review of Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment in Delta State, Southern Part of Nigeria DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v3i1.2900 Abstract This research presents a review on water resources in Delta state, southern part of Nigeria, with emphasis on hydrogeochemical and microbial assessment. It evaluates factors responsible for water contamination, and their resulting health challenges within the study area. To achieve the objective of this study, related articles were downloaded from Google, published article on influence of hydrogeochemical and microbial activities on water resources. These articles were thoroughly studied. Findings from this study, suggested that groundwater was more studied than surface water. We also observed that groundwater within the riverine communities is much more prone to pollution when compared to groundwater in an upland area. Results from various authors suggested that, larger percentage of groundwater showed presence of colifor...

A Comparative Study of Groundwater between Geological Groups of Southern Benue Trough, Nigeria Using Modelling Approach DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v3i2.3694 Abstract Groundwater studies were carried out between two geological groups to evaluate factors that influences groundwater geochemistry. To achieve this, 30 groundwater samples were collected. Parameters such as pH, Electrical Conductivity (Ec), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Hardness (TH), and hydrochemical characteristics (Na 2+ , K +  , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , HCO 3 ¯, NO 3 ¯, Cl¯, CO 2 3 ¯, and SO 4 2 ¯) of groundwater were determined. Findings revealed that the pH value for Asu River Group ranges from 5.3 to 7.5, and that of Eze Aku Group ranges from 4.1 to 7.9. It was observed that areas around the mines had low pH values. Analyzed results that were obtained were interpreted using various hydrogeochemical models. Parson plots reflected that groundwater within the two geological groups fell within Ca˗Mg˗SO 4 ...

Geochemical Trends in Weathering Profiles and Their Underlying Precambrian Basement Rocks in Akure, Southwestern Nigeria DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v3i2.3308 Abstract Akure area in southwestern Nigeria falls within the basement complex underlain by migmatite, quartzite granite and charnockite. Geochemical features of these crystalline rocks and their overlying in-situ weathering profiles are investigated and reported. Analytical result from ICP-MS facility at the University of Malaya reveals average SiO 2  content in quartzite (91.1%), granite (73.8%), migmatite (67.4%) and charnockite (58.6%) categorize the rocks as siliceous. SiO 2  contents in the weathering profiles above these rocks are 61.9%, 60.2%, 52.2% and 54.6% respectively. Alumina contents in the weathering profiles overlying quartzite (23.8%), granite (19.9%), migmatite (26.3%) and charnockite (24.3%) are substantially higher than the precursor rocks. In the same order, average alkali (Na 2 O+K 2 O) ...

Integrated Geophysical and Hydrogeochemical Characterization and Assessment of Groundwater Studies in Adum West Area of Benue State,Nigeria DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v3i3.3197 Abstract Integration of geophysical and hydrogeochemical methods has been scientifically proven to be useful in vulnerability study and groundwater characterization. Subsurface geoelectric parameters such as resistivity and thickness obtained from geophysical method (Vertical Electrical Sounding VES) was used to determine aquifers vulnerability, longitudinal resistance (ρL) and transverse unit resistance (Rt). Thirty four water samples were collected from groundwater sources for physicochemical analysis.Estimated results from longitudinal conductance (S), (Rt) and (ρL) showed that the values ranges from 0.03 to 2.5mhos, 103.64 to 1964417.8 Ω/m2 and 215.41 to 65731.68 Ω-m respectively. Result from S suggested that 50 % of groundwater is considered to be vulnerable to contamination from the earth surfa...

Planetary Layer Lapse Rate Comparison of Tropical,Montane and Hot Semi-Arid Climates of Nigeria DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v3i2.2005 Abstract This study assessed the pattern of planetary layer lapse rate across the major climate belts of Nigeria. Six years’ data (2010-2015) for air temperature values between 1000 mbar and 850 mbar atmospheric pressure levels were acquired from Era-Interim Re-analysis data centre. The data was retrieved at 6-hourly synoptic hours: 0000H, 0600H, 1200H and 1800H at 0.125o grid resolution. Results showed that the lower tropospheric layers throughout the various climate belts has a positive lapse rate. Findings also revealed that the average annual lapse rate condition were: Tropical wet zone (Port Harcourt) -5.6 oC/km; Bi-modal Tropical continental zone (Enugu) 5.8 oC/km; Montane zone (Jos) -6.5 oC/km; Mono-modal Tropical continental zone (Kano) -6.6 oC/km; and Hot semi-arid zone (Maiduguri) -6.6 oC/km. This average values presents the lapse r...

A Comprehensive Review of Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment in Delta State, Southern Part of Nigeria DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v3i1.2900 Abstract This research presents a review on water resources in Delta state, southern part of Nigeria, with emphasis on hydrogeochemical and microbial assessment. It evaluates factors responsible for water contamination, and their resulting health challenges within the study area. To achieve the objective of this study, related articles were downloaded from Google, published article on influence of hydrogeochemical and microbial activities on water resources. These articles were thoroughly studied. Findings from this study, suggested that groundwater was more studied than surface water. We also observed that groundwater within the riverine communities is much more prone to pollution when compared to groundwater in an upland area. Results from various authors suggested that, larger percentage of groundwater showed presence of colifor...

A Comparative Study of Groundwater between Geological Groups of Southern Benue Trough, Nigeria Using Modelling Approach DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v3i2.3694 Abstract Groundwater studies were carried out between two geological groups to evaluate factors that influences groundwater geochemistry. To achieve this, 30 groundwater samples were collected. Parameters such as pH, Electrical Conductivity (Ec), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Hardness (TH), and hydrochemical characteristics (Na 2+ , K +  , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , HCO 3 ¯, NO 3 ¯, Cl¯, CO 2 3 ¯, and SO 4 2 ¯) of groundwater were determined. Findings revealed that the pH value for Asu River Group ranges from 5.3 to 7.5, and that of Eze Aku Group ranges from 4.1 to 7.9. It was observed that areas around the mines had low pH values. Analyzed results that were obtained were interpreted using various hydrogeochemical models. Parson plots reflected that groundwater within the two geological groups fell within Ca˗Mg˗SO 4 ...

Geochemical Trends in Weathering Profiles and Their Underlying Precambrian Basement Rocks in Akure, Southwestern Nigeria DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v3i2.3308 Abstract Akure area in southwestern Nigeria falls within the basement complex underlain by migmatite, quartzite granite and charnockite. Geochemical features of these crystalline rocks and their overlying in-situ weathering profiles are investigated and reported. Analytical result from ICP-MS facility at the University of Malaya reveals average SiO 2  content in quartzite (91.1%), granite (73.8%), migmatite (67.4%) and charnockite (58.6%) categorize the rocks as siliceous. SiO 2  contents in the weathering profiles above these rocks are 61.9%, 60.2%, 52.2% and 54.6% respectively. Alumina contents in the weathering profiles overlying quartzite (23.8%), granite (19.9%), migmatite (26.3%) and charnockite (24.3%) are substantially higher than the precursor rocks. In the same order, average alkali (Na 2 O+K 2 O) ...

A Comprehensive Review of Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment in Delta State, Southern Part of Nigeria DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v3i1.2900 Abstract This research presents a review on water resources in Delta state, southern part of Nigeria, with emphasis on hydrogeochemical and microbial assessment. It evaluates factors responsible for water contamination, and their resulting health challenges within the study area. To achieve the objective of this study, related articles were downloaded from Google, published article on influence of hydrogeochemical and microbial activities on water resources. These articles were thoroughly studied. Findings from this study, suggested that groundwater was more studied than surface water. We also observed that groundwater within the riverine communities is much more prone to pollution when compared to groundwater in an upland area. Results from various authors suggested that, larger percentage of groundwater showed presence of colifor...

A Comparative Study of Groundwater between Geological Groups of Southern Benue Trough, Nigeria Using Modelling Approach DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v3i2.3694 Abstract Groundwater studies were carried out between two geological groups to evaluate factors that influences groundwater geochemistry. To achieve this, 30 groundwater samples were collected. Parameters such as pH, Electrical Conductivity (Ec), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Hardness (TH), and hydrochemical characteristics (Na 2+ , K +  , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , HCO 3 ¯, NO 3 ¯, Cl¯, CO 2 3 ¯, and SO 4 2 ¯) of groundwater were determined. Findings revealed that the pH value for Asu River Group ranges from 5.3 to 7.5, and that of Eze Aku Group ranges from 4.1 to 7.9. It was observed that areas around the mines had low pH values. Analyzed results that were obtained were interpreted using various hydrogeochemical models. Parson plots reflected that groundwater within the two geological groups fell within Ca˗Mg˗SO 4 ...

Geochemical Trends in Weathering Profiles and Their Underlying Precambrian Basement Rocks in Akure, Southwestern Nigeria DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v3i2.3308 Abstract Akure area in southwestern Nigeria falls within the basement complex underlain by migmatite, quartzite granite and charnockite. Geochemical features of these crystalline rocks and their overlying in-situ weathering profiles are investigated and reported. Analytical result from ICP-MS facility at the University of Malaya reveals average SiO 2  content in quartzite (91.1%), granite (73.8%), migmatite (67.4%) and charnockite (58.6%) categorize the rocks as siliceous. SiO 2  contents in the weathering profiles above these rocks are 61.9%, 60.2%, 52.2% and 54.6% respectively. Alumina contents in the weathering profiles overlying quartzite (23.8%), granite (19.9%), migmatite (26.3%) and charnockite (24.3%) are substantially higher than the precursor rocks. In the same order, average alkali (Na 2 O+K 2 O) ...

Rice and Climate Change: It’s Significance towards Achieving Food Security in Nigeria: A Review DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v4i1.2532 Abstract Climate change is already impacting on every aspect of man life on earth especially in the agricultural sectors of developing nations. In Nigeria, and indeed the world over, seasons are shifting, temperatures are rising, landscapes are changing and sea levels are rising. Extreme weather events like drought and flood are becoming more frequent and pronounced.[3] stressed on the fact that Agriculture will suffer from major damage caused by changes in climate especially in the African continent. Nigeria is one of the African country that is highly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change, as Nigeria is still practicing rain fed agriculture [16]. The impact of climate change is experienced in form of extreme climatic events like flooding, severe heats, and...

Planetary Layer Lapse Rate Comparison of Tropical,Montane and Hot Semi-Arid Climates of Nigeria DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v3i2.2005 Abstract This study assessed the pattern of planetary layer lapse rate across the major climate belts of Nigeria. Six years’ data (2010-2015) for air temperature values between 1000 mbar and 850 mbar atmospheric pressure levels were acquired from Era-Interim Re-analysis data centre. The data was retrieved at 6-hourly synoptic hours: 0000H, 0600H, 1200H and 1800H at 0.125o grid resolution. Results showed that the lower tropospheric layers throughout the various climate belts has a positive lapse rate. Findings also revealed that the average annual lapse rate condition were: Tropical wet zone (Port Harcourt) -5.6 oC/km; Bi-modal Tropical continental zone (Enugu) 5.8 oC/km; Montane zone (Jos) -6.5 oC/km; Mono-modal Tropical continental zone (Kano) -6.6 oC/km; and Hot semi-arid zone (Maiduguri) -6.6 oC/km. This average values presents the lapse r...