Bilingual Publishing Group

Climate Change Impacts on Water Resource and Air Pollution in Kabul Sub-basins, Afghanistan DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/agger.v4i1.4312 Abstract This Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources and Air Pollution,research is carried out to analysis Hydro-meteorological and groundwater data in Kabul Sub-basins, Afghanistan. The main objective of this research is to find out natural causes of climate change effects on surface and to,groundwater resources and air pollutions, these data are collected from diferent Hydrometeoroiogical stations and observations in Kabul Subbasins for different years (1957 to 2017). For completion this research they used two categories of data analysis; one is hydro meteorological analysis,and the other is groundwater level analysis. In hydro meteorological analysis air temperature, rainfall and discharge have been recovered by this research in Kabul Sub-basins, a number of air temperature, rainfall,d...

Global Environmental Forecast and Roadmap Based on 420 kY of Paleoclimatology DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v3i3.2191 Abstract As the world’s population has tripled (3x) since 1950, with another 50% increase expected by 2100, global annual carbon dioxide emissions growth rate has quadrupled (4x) since 1950 and global energy demand has quintupled (5x), all in the same time period. This discontinuous combination can be called a “3-4-5 Triad” and the sudden acceleration in all three arenas is too stressful on the environment and the damaging effects will be felt globally for centuries to come unless drastic action is taken. More importantly, the energy demand at 5x is outstripping the other two. This clearly means that as the population explodes at 3x, the emerging middle class wants almost twice as much as their usual share as fossil-fueled generators spread around the globe and modern conveniences become more and more desirable. However, such energy demand at 5x is an artifici...

Monitoring and Quantification of Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Impact of Sea Surface Temperature on Marine Ecosystems as Climate Change Indicators in the Niger Delta Using Geospatial Technology DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i1.5107 Abstract The Niger Delta marine environment has experienced a series of environmental disasters since the inception of oil and gas exploration, which can be attributed to climate change. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and sea surface temperature (T) ties associated with burning fossil fuels, such as gas flaring, vehicular traffic, and marine vessel movement along the sea, are increasing. Using data extracted from the NASA Giovanni satellite’s Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), this study mapped the carbon footprint and T along the coastline into the deep sea from 2003 to 2011, using ArcGIS software. The spatial distribution of CO2 and T concentrations determined by the inverse distance we...

Crucial, But Not Systematically Investigated: Rock Glaciers, the Concealed Water Reservoirs of the Himalayas: An Opinion DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i2.5541 Abstract The current article is an opinion on the sensitivity of high mountain regions which are the most fragile, sensitive and vulnerable to ongoing climate change. Its impacts are especially severe on the high mountain communities owing to their weak socio-economic profile, limited livelihood resources and agricultural land. The melting of glaciers and changes in the snow cover under the climate change scenario is leading to the scarcity of freshwater supplies, affecting both local and downstream communities. Changes in the precipitation patterns have been suggested to cause droughts, impact restricted agriculture, and limit the availability of water for domestic use. Additionally, the high mountain areas contain distinct flora and fauna, and climate change is not just altering them, but also has resulted in biodiv...

Rainfall and Temperature Variations in a Dry Tropical Environment of Nigeria DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i2.5527 Abstract This study examines long-term rainfall and temperature variations over a dry tropical environment in Nigeria. An assessment of the variations of these weather variables showcases the extent of climate change limits and corresponding effects on the biotic environment. Rainfall and temperature data were obtained from Nigerian Meteorological Agency for a period of 31 years (1991-2020) for Kano and Katsina States. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the degree of variability of the weather variables across spatial domains. Results showed that there is a sharp contrast in mean annual rainfall amounts of 1154.1 mm and 569.6 mm for Kano and Katsina located in the dry continental and semi-arid climate zones of Nigeria respectively. It is revealed that the month of August had the highest mean monthly rainfall for both areas i.e. 35...

The Impact of Climate Change on Rainfall Patterns in Ghana: A Zoning Adaptation Strategy through Developing Agroforestry DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v4i1.2703 Abstract As a developing country in Africa, the effect of climate change is one of the sufferings of Ghana. The effect is much felt in rainfall variability because of the country over reliance on rainfall for agriculture. While various researches have studied the impact of climate change in Ghana, few among them have extended to its impact on rainfall pattern across all the ecological zones in the country. The trends in the rainfall from seven selected meteorological stations across all the ecological zones were analyzed using data from the NASA satellite. The Mann-Kendall and Sen’s Slope Test were used for the analysis. The study found decreasing trend in most of the monthly and yearly rainfall pattern across the ecological zones, and suggested cashew agroforestry as a zoning adaptation strategy. Keywords:  Adap...

Climate Change Management Strategies to Handle and Cope with Extreme Weather and Climate Events DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v3i4.2324 Abstract Increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases causes rising in global warming and carbon dioxide emissions. With further efforts to reduce carbon dioxide, it is possible to prevent the warming of the earth, but the effects of climate change that we have already created can not be reduced. Recent observed and predicted alterations in the global climate require a double policy to react to the decline in climate alteration and its adjustment (coexistence) to explain the key factors and their effects. Measures to reduce climate alteration through decreasing greenhouse gas releases or removing them from the atmosphere are possible. Execution of more reduction measures at the present time will require less adaptation in the future. Meanwhile, inadequate measures to curb climate change presently increase the risk of catastrophic consequen...

Rice and Climate Change: It’s Significance towards Achieving Food Security in Nigeria: A Review DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v4i1.2532 Abstract Climate change is already impacting on every aspect of man life on earth especially in the agricultural sectors of developing nations. In Nigeria, and indeed the world over, seasons are shifting, temperatures are rising, landscapes are changing and sea levels are rising. Extreme weather events like drought and flood are becoming more frequent and pronounced.[3] stressed on the fact that Agriculture will suffer from major damage caused by changes in climate especially in the African continent. Nigeria is one of the African country that is highly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change, as Nigeria is still practicing rain fed agriculture [16]. The impact of climate change is experienced in form of extreme climatic events like flooding, severe heats, and...

Projected Rainfall Intensity Duration Frequency Relationships under Climate Change: A Case Study of Thane City DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v4i2.4995 Received: 21 August 2022 | Revised: 23 September 2022 | Accepted: 30 September 2022 | Published Online: 19 October 2022 Abstract Climate change is the most important factor to increase in short-duration high-intensity rainfall and consequent flooding. Intensity-Duration Frequency (IDF) curves are commonly used tools in Stormwater design, so a method to derive future IDF curves including climate change effects could be necessary for mainstreaming climate change information into storm water planning. The objective of the present study is to define a mechanism to reflect the effect of climate change on the projected rainfall IDF relationships. For this, the continuously observed hourly rainfall data from 1969 to 2018 were divided into five subgroups. Then the IDF curve of each subgroup is defined. The rainfall intensity for the ne...

Implications of Farmer's Adaptation Strategies to Climate Change in Agricultural Sector of Gujarat: Experience from Farm Level Data DOI:  https://doi.org/10.36956/rwae.v3i1.498 Abstract This study examined the farmer's perception of climate change and adaptation strategies to mitigate the adverse effect of climate change in the agricultural sector of Gujarat. It used farm level information from 400 farmers who were purposely selected from 8 districts. Thereupon, linear, non-linear and log-linear production function models were used to examine the impact of climate change, farmers' adaptation strategies and technological change on agricultural production in Gujarat. The descriptive and empirical results specify that adaptation strategies (i.e., change in showing the time of crops, mixed cropping pattern, irrigation facilities, application of green and organic fertilizer, hybrid varieties of seeds, dampening of seed before planting, climate tolerate crops, organic farming and...

Using Landsat Images to Determine Water Storing Capacity in Mediterranean Environments DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v4i4.3780 Abstract Reservoirs play an important role in water management and are key elements for water supply. Monitoring is needed in order to guarantee the quantity and quality of stored water. However, this task is sometimes not easy. The objective of this study was to develop a procedure for predicting volume of stored water with remote sensing in water bodies under Mediterranean climate conditions. To achieve this objective,multispectral Landsat 7 and 8 images (NASA) were analyzed for the following five reservoirs: La Serena,La Pedrera, Beniarrés, Cubillas and Negratín (Spain). Reservoirs water surface was computed with the spectral angle mapper (SAM) algorithm.After that, cross-validation regression models were computed in order to assess the capability of water surface estimations to predict stored water in each of the reservoirs. The statistical models ...

Gendered Perceptions of Climate Variability and Change among Local Communities Living around Queen Elizabeth National Park in Uganda DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v4i4.3637 Abstract Climate change affects both men and women which, in turn, shapes their varied and contrasting perceptions of climate variability and change. This paper examined the gendered perceptions of climate variability and change among local communities in Queen Elizabeth National Park in Uganda.The objectives are threefold: - identify climatic shocks faced by the local communities; examine the perceptions of men and women of climate variability and change; and to compare their perceptions with empirical meteorological data. This study employed both qualitative and quantitative methods, with data collected from 215 respondents using survey, interviews and focused group discussions. From the findings, indicators of climate variability and change included reduced flooding events, occurrence of human diseases, ...

KRIFS Quartet Model Improving Livelihoods and Fueling Tourism in Kitagwenda District,Western Uganda DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v4i4.3474 Abstract Kyabwanswa Rural Integrated Farming Systems (KRIFS) is a Community Based Organization (CBO) with its Head Office in Kitagwenda Town Council. KRIFS quartet model involves emphasis of integrating four agricultural activities namely: Apiculture, agro-forestry, coffee and at least one type of livestock. The paper utilizes data obtained from January 2017 surveys, interviews, focus group discussions and observations by the authors. The authors observe that the four activities are symbiotic income generating enterprises. The quartet model has greatly contributed in reducing poverty, increasing agricultural productivity, facilitating value addition, conserving the environment, halting biodiversity loss and mitigating climate change. The model is strongly hinged on training of farmers in organized groups more especially the youth and the w...

Crucial, But Not Systematically Investigated: Rock Glaciers, the Concealed Water Reservoirs of the Himalayas: An Opinion DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i2.5541 Abstract The current article is an opinion on the sensitivity of high mountain regions which are the most fragile, sensitive and vulnerable to ongoing climate change. Its impacts are especially severe on the high mountain communities owing to their weak socio-economic profile, limited livelihood resources and agricultural land. The melting of glaciers and changes in the snow cover under the climate change scenario is leading to the scarcity of freshwater supplies, affecting both local and downstream communities. Changes in the precipitation patterns have been suggested to cause droughts, impact restricted agriculture, and limit the availability of water for domestic use. Additionally, the high mountain areas contain distinct flora and fauna, and climate change is not just altering them, but also has resulted in biodiv...

Rainfall and Temperature Variations in a Dry Tropical Environment of Nigeria DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i2.5527 Abstract This study examines long-term rainfall and temperature variations over a dry tropical environment in Nigeria. An assessment of the variations of these weather variables showcases the extent of climate change limits and corresponding effects on the biotic environment. Rainfall and temperature data were obtained from Nigerian Meteorological Agency for a period of 31 years (1991-2020) for Kano and Katsina States. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the degree of variability of the weather variables across spatial domains. Results showed that there is a sharp contrast in mean annual rainfall amounts of 1154.1 mm and 569.6 mm for Kano and Katsina located in the dry continental and semi-arid climate zones of Nigeria respectively. It is revealed that the month of August had the highest mean monthly rainfall for both areas i.e. 35...

The Evil Couple: Illegal Mining in Water Bodies and Climate Change: A Case Study of Ghana DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v5i3.4778 Abstract For the past few decades, illegal mining sector in Ghana popularly known as galamsey has received public outcry due to its negative impacts on quantity and quality of water resources. The purpose of this study was to explore the combined effects of mining in water bodies and climate change on water resources in Ghana. The methodology explored in the study was quantitative approach. The quality and quantity of most water bodies in Ghana had been compromised due to extraction of minerals, and such contaminants (heavy metals) include mercury, zinc, cyanide, sulphur etc. This phenomenon had made most water resources (e.g. River Fena, River Pra) unwholesome or inhabitable. Apart from this, climate change had also dried up some streams and rivers such as Anyinam, Offin and Goa. These unfortunate events had made water resources precarious which c...

Farmer’s Perception on Climatic Factors and Social-economic Characteristics in the Agricultural Sector of Gujarat DOI:  https://doi.org/10.36956/rwae.v4i1.788 Received : 22 December 2022;  Received in revised form : 24 February 2023;  Accepted : 1 March 2023;  Published : 6 March 2023 Abstract This study investigated the implication of various factors, including climatic conditions, social-economic variables, agricultural inputs, technological development, institutional support, and adaptation strategies in the agricultural sector of Gujarat. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to analyse the farm-level data from 240 randomly selected farmers across eight districts. The study found that farm income per hectare is influenced by climate adaptation strategies, appropriate technology, annual income, education level, family size, fertilizer application, farm income from cash crops, financial support from the government, and access to credit. The study recommends...

Projected Rainfall Intensity Duration Frequency Relationships under Climate Change: A Case Study Thane City DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jees.v4i2.4995 Abstract Climate change is the most important factor to increase in short-duration high-intensity rainfall and consequent flooding. Intensity-DurationFrequency (IDF) curves are commonly used tools in Stormwater design, so a method to derive future IDF curves including climate change effect could be necessary for the mainstreaming climate change information into storm water planning. The objective of the present study is to define a mechanism to reflect the effect of climate change into the projected rainfall IDF relationships. For this, the continuously observed hourly rainfall data from 1969 to 2018 were divided into five subgroups. Then the IDF curve of each subgroup is defined. The rainfall intensity for the next 30 years was then estimated using a linear regression model. The obtained result indicates that for the same duratio...

Monitoring and Quantification of Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Impact of Sea Surface Temperature on Marine Ecosystems as Climate Change Indicators in the Niger Delta Using Geospatial Technology DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jasr.v6i1.5107 Abstract The Niger Delta marine environment has experienced a series of environmental disasters since the inception of oil and gas exploration, which can be attributed to climate change. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and sea surface temperature (T) ties associated with burning fossil fuels, such as gas flaring, vehicular traffic, and marine vessel movement along the sea, are increasing. Using data extracted from the NASA Giovanni satellite’s Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), this study mapped the carbon footprint and T along the coastline into the deep sea from 2003 to 2011, using ArcGIS software. The spatial distribution of CO2 and T concentrations determined by the inverse distance we...

IoT and Machine Learning for Identifying Correlation between Factors Causing Climate Change DOI:  https://doi.org/10.30564/jeisr.v2i1.2020 Abstract The global climate is changing due to anthropogenic activities such as industrialization, infrastructure development, deforestation etc. Expected effects of climate change include increase in global temperatures, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, melting of glaciers, less snowfall, expansion of deserts etc. Most ecosystems are affected by manmade climate change and Mount Everest is no exception. This paper delves into the effects of global warming on Mount Everest and how Internet of Things (IOT) can be used to correctly monitor these effects. The IOT system will take three parameters temperature, carbon parts per million in the atmosphere and snowfall. This research paper also proposes a IOT framework to measure the net snowfall. The data gathered by the IOT system will be used to create a model will be created to monitor the ...